Reasoning by Analogy?

At first when I was reading through all of the different types of reasoning, to be honest they all confused me.  One that I decided to do further research was on the reasoning by analogy.  
The definition given by Wikipedia seemed kind of vague to me : Analogical reasoning is reasoning from the particular to the particular.  Honestly, this definition really made no sense to me.  I decided to Google the definition and it cam up with the website called ChangingMinds.com
Their definitions states:
In analogical reasoning, an analogy for a given thing or situation is found, where the analogy is like the given thing in some way. Other attributes of the analogical situation are then taken to also represent other attributes of the given thing.
Basically, the given things do not necessarily have to be directly the same, share a quality or feature.  An example they gave that really helped went like this:
This company is like a racehorse. It's run fast and won the race, and now it needs feed and rest for a while

Different Types of Reasoning

Reasoning by Analogy: 

• Premise 1: Sharks swim in the ocean and eat fish
• Premise 2: My cousin swims in the ocean
• Conclusion: My cousin eats fish

Sign Reasoning:

• Where there is rain, there are clouds

Casual Reasoning:

• When the fire trucks drive by the house, the dog howls

Reasoning by Criteria:

• The honey glazed ham you cook is always delicious, are you sure you want to try a new turkey recipe?

             (meaning: cook the honey glazed ham)


Reasoning by Example:

• You should get a terrier if you get a dog.  I have a friend who got a terrier and he is the most behaved dog ever.

Inductive:

• Every morning at 9 am, the old man walks his dog.
• Tomorrow morning at 9 am the old man will walk his dog.

Deductive:

• If every human has ten toes, then they have five toes on each foot
• Barry is a human
• Therefore, Barry has ten toes and five on each foot